Liposuction is a surgical procedure that is performed to remove unwanted body fat. Liposuction is generally used to maintain body shape, but sometimes it is also done to treat certain health conditions.
The requirement for liposuction is that someone is required to have an ideal body weight or approximately 30 percent of the ideal body weight. In addition, someone who wants to do liposuction must also have tight and elastic skin, and not smoke.
Indications of Liposuction
Liposuction procedures can be done to reduce the buildup of fat embedded under the skin, and is useful for:
Improve body shape, by removing fat deposits that cannot be lost by regulating diet and exercise.
Cosmetic reasons, for example, want to eliminate double chin or fat deposits in the stomach.
Improve sexual function, by reducing fat buildup in the inner thighs, thereby facilitating access to the vagina.
In addition, liposuction can also be used to handle a number of conditions, such as:
Axillary bromhidrosis. The onset of body odor due to the interaction between sweat glands with bacteria in the armpit.
Axillary hyperhidrosis. Excessive sweating in the armpit.
Hematoma. Hematoma is blood that collects outside the blood vessels and is not absorbed by the body.
Lipoma. Lipoma is a fat lump that grows under the skin.
Madelung's disease. Abnormalities are indicated by symmetrical fat stacks on both sides of the upper body, neck, arms and legs due to genetic abnormalities.
Pseudogynecomastia. Breast enlargement in men due to accumulation of fat, not because of enlarged breast glands.
Contraindications to Liposuction
Liposuction is carried out for patients who are generally healthy, especially heart and lung function, and are not currently having disease. Some conditions that are not recommended for liposuction procedures include:
Someone who routinely takes anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs (such as aspirin), and should not be stopped for a while, such as patients with a history of ever changing heart valves, experiencing heart rhythm disorders (atrial fibrillation), deep vein thrombosis, or pulmonary embolism.
Patients who are new to a very low calorie diet.
Have a history of heart disease, diabetes, or disorders of the immune system.
Morbid obesity, which is obesity which has disrupted physical activity and is at risk of causing other more serious diseases, such as stroke, diabetes, and sleep apnea. Liposuction in this condition is still debated between the benefits and risks that can lead to death.
Liposuction is not a procedure that aims to lose weight instantly without regulating diet and exercise, especially as the main treatment for obesity. So, if your expectations are too big for liposuction, it is recommended not to do liposuction.
Before Liposuction
The doctor will review the medical history, conduct a physical examination, and evaluate the patient's psychological condition. Starting from the preparation stage until liposuction is complete, the patient is advised to be accompanied by the family or closest relatives. One day before the procedure, blood and urine tests will be carried out to determine potential complications that might occur. The doctor will also take photos of body parts that will be carried out liposuction, as a comparison for before and after the action.
Some things to consider when meeting a doctor, before performing liposuction or liposuction procedures, include:
Tell your doctor if you have allergies to certain drugs.
Tell your doctor if you are taking a drug, including supplements and herbs. Blood thinning medications should be stopped 2 weeks before carrying out the liposuction procedure.
Tell your doctor if you have a history of certain diseases such as blood flow disorders, diabetes, heart disease, or a weak immune system.
Give to know a certain lifestyle, such as smoking habits or just undergo a strict diet pattern is very low in calories.
Types of Liposuction Methods
In general, liposuction uses a tool such as a thin hose or canulla which is connected to a suction device or vacuum. The types of liposuction based on the fat crushing technique are:
Tumescent liposuction. The most common liposuction technique is done by injecting tumescent solution into the body fat that will be aspirated. This tumescent solution facilitates fat extraction, while minimizing pain and reducing bleeding. Tumescent solution is a saline or salt water solution mixed with epinephrine and lidocaine.
Ultrasound-assisted liposuction (UAL). This technique uses the energy of sound waves under the skin to break down wallsing fat. Furthermore, the fat will melt and make it easier to be sucked out.
Laser-assisted liposuction (LAL). The laser beam is used to produce a barrage of energy that melts fat.
Super-wet technique. A technique similar to tumescent liposuction is just that the tumescent solution is used less. The amount of the injected solution is adjusted to the amount of fat to be aspirated. This technique is faster, but requires anesthesia or general anesthesia.
Power-assisted liposuction: Using a special small canulla device with rapid vibration to destroy fat cells. The advantage of this technique is that the incision is made quite small and does not damage the surrounding tissue.
Liposuction Procedure
The liposuction procedure is very dependent on the method of liposuction used and the amount of fat being sucked. However, in general this is the procedure for liposuction:
Giving anesthesia, whether local or general, will depend on the selected suction technique and the amount of fat to be taken.
Liposuction and canulla (suction hose with sharp edges) are used for this procedure.
The doctor makes a small incision to insert canulla into the skin which contains a collection of fat. The fat collection is then aspirated with a pump or large syringe.
A number of punctures on the skin may be needed to suck up fat in a wider area. The doctor will also stick the suction device from different directions or angles to get an effective suction path.
A small hose will be placed in the area of fat that has just been sucked. This hose is useful for draining fluid and blood that will accumulate a few days after the procedure.
The duration of the liposuction procedure varies considerably, depending on the technique of liposuction used. Usually this procedure lasts 1-3 hours.
After Liposuction
The doctor will install an elastic bandage or girdle in the area of handling liposuction to reduce swelling, bruising, and prevent bleeding, and can maintain the shape of the body area that has been sucked up. Elastic bandages or corsets will be used for 2 weeks, but occasionally elastic bandages can be opened, for example when bathing.
The patient will feel pain, tingling, or numbness in the area of the body. In the area of the body that is carried out liposuction will also appear bruising and swelling. This condition can be felt by patients for 5-10 days. Patients will be given anti-inflammatory drugs to relieve pain and swelling. Doctors can also give antibiotics to reduce the risk of infection.
Patients usually recover completely after 2 weeks, but can return to activities a few days after liposuction. Patients are advised to avoid strenuous activities for 4 weeks after liposuction. The results of liposuction may only appear 6 months after liposuction, after swelling in the area is completely gone
The need for hospitalization after liposuction depends on the amount of fat being sucked, the type of anesthesia given, and the complications that arise. For patients who are allowed to go home after liposuction, they are not allowed to drive by themselves.
Risk or Side Effects of Liposuction
The risks that may be caused by liposuction are:
Infection of Streptococcus or Staphylococcus bacteria.
Bleeding.
Shock, because the body lacks fluids when undergoing surgery.
The formation of a fluid-filled bag under the skin.
Fat embolism, which is fat that escapes and is carried away by the bloodstream, resulting in blockages in the bloodstream.
Uneven skin surface.
Side effects and allergic reactions from anesthesia or anesthesia.
Numbness around the skin.
Damage to nerves, blood vessels, muscles, lungs, and abdominal organs.
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